Small Molecule Modulators of

INNATE IMMUNITY

OVERVIEW

Developing a pipeline of best-in-class and first-in-class drugs to modulate the innate immune system for treating cancer.

Avammune Therapeutics is a small molecule drug discovery and development company developing modulators of the innate immune system. Avammune’s approach integrates novel target biology and immunology, computational chemistry and advances in parallel/high-throughput chemistry to operate a cost efficient and flexible model leading to the identification of novel targets and a proprietary pipeline of best-in-class and first-in-class small-molecule drug candidates for potential use in oncology.

MANAGEMENT TEAM

Mr. Arun B Papaiah

Founder and Chief Executive Officer

Arun is the Founder and CEO at Avammune Therapeutics. He previously co-founded Aten Porus Lifesciences, Oraxion Therapeutics and Avaliv Therpaeutics, R&D companies focused on drug discovery. Arun was instrumental in the option agreement of Oraxion’s technology platform to a US based biotech company for $125 MM.

Arun holds an MBA from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (Australia), and a Bachelor of Science degree from Christ University (India). Arun has over 10 years of experience as an entrepreneur in various aspects of business including Finance, Operations, Technology transfer and Business development.

Dr. Aditya Kulkarni

Founder and Chief Scientific Officer

Aditya is the Founder and CSO at Avammune Therapeutics. He previously co-founded Aten Porus Lifesciences, Oraxion Therapeutics and Avaliv Therapeutics, R&D companies focused on drug discovery. Aditya is the inventor of Oraxion’s technology platform that was eventually licensed to a US based biotech company for $125 MM. He has co-authored >15 papers and filed several international patents in the areas of nucleic acid delivery, Niemann-Pick Type C therapeutics, and drug discovery.

He has been a recipient of scholarships during his Masters and PhD and was also awarded the H. C. Brown Award for Outstanding Organic Research at Purdue University in June 2012. Aditya has a PhD in Bioorganic Chemistry from Purdue University (USA), MS in Chemical Biology from Leeds University (UK), and B.Sc in Chemistry from Christ University (India).

Mr. Srinivasan Namala

Founder and Director

Srinivasan is the Founder and Director at Avammune Therapeutics. He previously co-founded Aten Porus Lifesciences an Oraxion Therapeutics, both R&D companies focusesd on drug discovery. He is currently serving as the CEO of Porus Labs, a chemical manufacturing conglomerate serving customers across India, US, and Europe. Srinivasan has over 15 years of experience in varied aspects of business including technology transfer, SCM, Business Development and Finance. Srinivasan has an MS in Pharmaceutics from Northeastern University (USA), and B.Pharm from BITS Pilani (India).

SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD

Dr. Manoj Desai

Ex-Pfizer, Ex-Gilead

Manoj is co-inventor on patents of cobicistat, ledipasvir and remdesivir. He has 10 marketed drugs, 6 clinically approved NCEs and 8 drugs in clinical development under his belt across his experience with >40 biological targets. He has >60 publications in peer-reviewed journals and >25 issued patents

Prof. Jean-François Paquin

Université Laval, Québec, Canada

His research interests include the development of novel methodologies for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds and their applications for the preparation of bioactive fluorinated compounds or fluorinated biological probes. In 2016, he was awarded the Keith Fagnou Award from the Canadian Society for Chemistry.

Expertise in organic synthesis, catalysis, and medicinal chemistry. He has co-authored > 80 papers and received many prizes including the Keith Fagnou Award and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation fellowship.

Dr. Alan Herbert

Dr Alan Herbert is originally from New Zealand where he earned his MBChB and PhD form the University of Auckland. He initiated his research on Z-DNA at MIT. Following this, his genetics research led to the publication of the first genome-wide association study on a human population in the journal Science. Following a period at Merck translating human genetics into therapies, Dr Herbert founded the start-up InsideOutBio where he leads research to improve cancer therapy using approaches validated by human genetics.

Prof. Jan Rehwinkel

Professor at Univ. of Oxford

In 2012, Jan moved to the University of Oxford, UK, to establish his independent research group. His laboratory is part of the MRC Human Immunology Unit and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine. Jan's research dissects nucleic acid sensing by innate receptors in the context of virus infection, autoinflammatory disease and cancer.

His research is funded by MRC, Wellcome Trust, Lister Institute and European Union and dissects nucleic acid sensing by innate receptors in the context of virus infection, autoinflammatory disease and cancer.

Prof. Paul Brennan

University of Oxford

Paul Brennan received his PhD in organic chemistry from UC Berkeley. Following post-doctoral research at Cambridge University, Paul spent eight years working in the pharmaceutical industry at Amgen and Pfizer. In 2011, Paul joined the Structural Genomics Consortium at the University of Oxford. Over the course of his career, Paul has worked on most major drug classes of drug targets: kinases, GPCRs, ion-channels, metabolic enzymes, and epigenetic proteins.

Paul is currently Professor of Medicinal Chemistry and Chief Scientific Officer of the Alzheimer’s Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute in the Centre for Medicines Discovery at the University of Oxford. His research is focused on finding new treatments for dementia.

THE SCIENCE

INNATE IMMUNITY

Innate immunity refers to the body's first line of defense against pathogens and other harmful substances. It is the set of immune mechanisms that are present from birth and do not require prior exposure to a particular pathogen or antigen to be activated. Innate immunity includes physical barriers such as the skin and mucous membranes, as well as cellular and molecular components such as phagocytes, natural killer cells, and complement proteins.

Innate immunity plays an important role in recognizing and eliminating cancer cells, wherein, cells such as natural killer cells and macrophages can recognize and destroy cancer cells through their innate immune receptors. Innate immune responses also activate adaptive immune responses, which can generate more specific and long-lasting immune memory against cancer.

Furthermore, the innate immune system can also be harnessed to synergize and improve the efficacy of existing therapeutic modalities. For example, some immuno-oncology drugs such as checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking negative regulatory signals in the adaptive immune system and combining an innate immune modulator allows for a more robust anti-tumor response.

IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY

Immuno-Oncology, also known as Cancer Immunotherapy, is a field of medicine that focuses on using the body's own immune system to fight cancer. The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that protects the body from various threats, including cancer cells. Immune cells include T cells, Natural Killer (NK) cells:, Dendritic cells, Macrophages, B cells and Regulatory T cells (Tregs). These interact and communicate with each other through various signaling molecules, such as cytokines and chemokines, to coordinate an effective immune response against cancer. Immuno-oncology treatments aim to enhance or restore the function of these immune cells, either by boosting their activity, inhibiting immune checkpoints that dampen immune responses, or genetically modifying them to improve their cancer-targeting capabilities.

Small molecule inhibitors play a significant role in immuno-oncology as they target specific molecular pathways involved in immune regulation and tumor growth. These inhibitors are designed to block or modulate the activity of specific proteins or enzymes that contribute to tumor progression, immune suppression, or resistance to immune therapies. Small molecule inhibitors in immuno-oncology have several advantages over biologics such as ability to target intracellular proteins, ability to dose orally, and also the ability to titrate the dosing to respond to adverse events due to the shorter pharmacokinetic profiles. Small molecule drugs can be used as monotherapy and also in combination with other treatment modalities, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, or adoptive cell therapies.

PIPELINE

AVA-NP-695 (ENPP1 Inhibitor)

AVA-NP-695, developed by Avammune, is an orally available ENPP1 inhibitor that has shown great promise in preclinical development. It is currently approaching the stage of Investigational New Drug (IND) enabling. AVA-NP-695 has demonstrated exceptional potency as an antitumor agent and has exhibited reduced tumor metastasis compared to checkpoint blockade in animal studies. Furthermore, when combined with existing therapies such as Anti-PD-L1, Anti-PD-1, Olaparib, and Paclitaxel, AVA-NP-695 has shown encouraging efficacy as a combination therapy, leading to enhanced mean survival time. In particular, the combination of AVA-NP-695 with radiation has resulted in complete tumor regression in animal models.

Avammune has also demonstrated the compassionate use of AVA-NP-695 in large animals, providing initial evidence of its potential effectiveness. These findings, along with the safety profile of AVA-NP-695, support its potential as a therapeutic option for solid tumors, especially breast cancer.

AVA-ADR SERIES (ADAR1 INHIBITORS)

Avammune is currently developing a program focused on developing small molecule inhibitors of the enzyme ADAR1, with the aim of addressing unmet medical needs. The company has identified a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor of ADAR1, named AVA-ADR-001, which has demonstrated significant IFN (Interferon) response in vitro in an MDA5 dependent manner. In vitro binding studies have confirmed that AVA-ADR-001 directly binds to the Zα domain of ADAR1, which confirms its selectivity to the p150 isoform.

AVA-ADR-001 has shown micromolar EC50 (half maximal effective concentration) and demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in the B16F10 melanoma syngeneic mouse model. In the preclinical study, treatment with 100 µg of AVA-ADR-001 resulted in 45% tumor growth inhibition (TGI), which is 1.5 times superior to Anti-PD1 treatment. Moreover, when AVA-ADR-001 was combined with Anti-PD1, the study demonstrated a synergistic effect that was 2 times superior to Anti-PD1 alone.



PUBLICATIONS

AVA-NP-695 Selectively Inhibits ENPP1 to Activate STING Pathway and Abrogate Tumor Metastasis in 4T1 Breast Cancer Syngeneic Mouse Model.

Authors: Avijit Goswami, Barnali Deb, Sandeep Goyal, Abhishek Gosavi, Mukund Mali, Ashwita M. Martis, Princy Khurana, Mukesh Gangar, Digambar Raykar, Ankita Mohanty and Aditya Kulkarni

Info: Molecules. October 2022, 27, 6721. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196721

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation studies of novel small molecule ENPP1 inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy.

Authors: Mukesh Gangar, Sandeep Goyal, Digambar Raykar, Princy Khurana, Ashwita M. Martis, Avijit Goswami, Ishani Ghoshal, Ketul V. Patel, Yadav Nagare, Santosh Raikar, Apurba Mukherjee, Rajath Cyriac, Jean-François Paquin, Aditya Kulkarni

Info: Bioorganic Chemistry. December 2021, 0045-2068/© 2021 Elsevier Inc. doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105549

ENPP1 Immunobiology as a Therapeutic Target

Authors: Borja Ruiz-Fernandez de Cordoba , Rafael Martínez-Monge, and Fernando Lecanda

Info: Clin Cancer Res; 29(12) June 15, 2023, doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-1681

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS

AVA-NP-695 potently and selectively inhibits ENPP1 to activate sting pathway and abrogate tumor metastasis in 4T1 breast cancer syngeneic mouse model.

Authors: Aditya Kulkarni, Avijit Goswami, Sandeep Goyal, Princy Khurana, Arun Papaiah. Avammune Therapeutics Inc., Levittown, PA, USA.

Info: J Immunother Cancer 2022;10(Suppl 2):A1 –A1603

AVA-ADR-001 supresses tumor growth and induces anti-tumor immunity by selectively inhibiting ADAR1 p150

Authors: Arun B Papaiah, Avijit Goswami, Sandeep Goyal, Kawaljit Singh, Princy Khurana, Aditya Kulkarni. Avammune Therapeutics Inc., Levittown, PA, USA

Info: J Immunother Cancer 2022;10 (Suppl 2):A1 –A1603

Development of a novel ADAR1 inhibitor as a potent immunomodulator for the treatment of solid tumors

Authors: Aditya Kulkarni;  Avijit Goswami;  Sandeep Goyal; Kawaljit Singh; Princy Khurana; Ishani Ghoshal

Info: Cancer Res (2023) 83 (7_Supplement): 3095. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2023-3095

CONTACT US

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Philadelphia, PA.